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Law of motion,Force,Newton's law of motion, linear momentum, impulse ,Friction

 Force

Force is a push or pull which can change the position of a body as required. It is a vector quantity following all the rules of vector. Forces are of two types

1. Balanced Forces If there are many forces acting on a body, but resultant of all of them is zero, then the forces are called balanced forces.

2. Unbalanced Forces If the resultant of all the forces is not zero, then the forces are called unbalanced forces.

Newton's Law of Motion

There are three laws of motion

First Law

"Everybody remains in its state of rest or state of motion, until an external force is applied on it." This law is also known as law of Inertia Inertia is a property by virtue of which, a body tries to retain its state. Inertia are of two types

1. Inertia of Rest If a body is in rest, then it will remain in rest until an external force is applied on it.

2. Inertia of Motion If a body is in motion, then it will remain in motion until an external force is applied on it.

There are some examples of inertia in everyday life.

(i) A glass is broken into pieces when a stone strikes on it, but when a high speed bullet hits the glass it makes a clean hole.

(ii) The persons sitting in the bus falls backward when bus starts to move suddenly. (iii) An athlete runs very fast before taking high jump.

(iv) A man getting down of a moving bus falls forward.

Second Law

"The force applied on a body is equal to the product of mass of the body and the acceleration produced in it.

F = ma

and also the rate of change of linear momentum (p = mu) of a body is proportional to force applied in direction of force .

Third Law

"Every action have equal and opposite reaction." Action and reaction always act on the different bodies.

Linear Momentum

The product of mass and velocity of a body is called linear momentum. It is represented by p. its unit is kg-m/s. It is a vector quantity.  p = mv

Impulse

If a force acts on a body for a very short time At, then the product of force and time is called the impulse.


Impulse = Change in momentum or Impulse 


Friction

When a body slides (or has sliding tendency) or rolls over another body or on a surface, then a force opposing the motion acts between those surfaces of the body which are in contact, this force is called friction. Two basic types of friction is kinetic friction and static friction.

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