Study life

 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES Generally, a language is considered as the medium of communication among people. Likewise, to communicate with computer systems, we use computer programming languages. Usually, we provide a particular set of instructions to the computer to perform a specific task. The set of instructions given to a computer is known as a Program languages. For example, BASIC, C, C++, Java. Such programs are written in languages close to the human languages and are called high level COBOL, Fortran, etc. Each language has its own set of keywords and special syntax for writing the program. But computer cannot understand such languages. Computer understands only binary language that consists of binary numbers that is 0 and 1. So high level programs are converted into low level language program or machine language program using translators. In this chapter, let us study different generations of computer languages. First Generation language-Machine Language Machine Langu...

VARIOUS FILE FORMATS Some of the frequently used file formats are: JPEG It stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. It is the most widely used file format for pictures. Almost all the digital cameras store photos in this file format as it supports 224 or 16, 777.216 colours. MP3 MP3 is MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3. MPEG is Moving Picture Experts Group It is the most common audio format. Also, most of the digital audio players use this format as the standard format for transfer and playback music Owing to their small file sizes, MP3 files can be easily transferred over the Internet. MP4 MPEG-4 Part 14 or MP4 is a digital multimedia container format. It is most commonly used to store video and audio. A file with the MP4 file extension is an abbreviation for an MPEG-4 Video file. This is a compressed file format MP4 This file format is used for various document and document template file types It is a Microsoft Word Open XML Format Document file. XLSX XLS or xls refers to the Microsoft Exce...

 WHAT HAPPENS IT DOES NOT RAIN FOR LONG PERIOD Sometimes so happens that does not rain in region for a year or more. This leads shortage of water that region causing everywhere. environment drought. So, can say that if does not rain in region for long time causes drought sookha). Drought is period without rains leading to severe shortage of water in the region. happens follows. The soil in the fields is normally moist because it has water in it. The soil continues to lose water by rporation and transpiration. The water lost by soil is usually made up by rains. If, however, it does not rain at all (or the rainfall is very low) for a long period, the o of water from the soil is not made up and hence the soil becomes dry (see Figure 14). Due to lack of rains, the water level in the lakes and ponds also goes down and some of them may even dry up completely. In the absence of rains, no water seeps into the ground and hence the level of groundwater in wells, etc., falls drastically. Due...

 WHAT IF IT RAINS HEAVILY Every place in the world gets rains sometime or the other. The time, duration and amount of rainfall varies from place to place. For example, in some parts of the world, it rains throughout the year whereas in other parts it rains only for a few days in a year. In our country, most of the rainfall occurs in the monsoon season (rainy season). Rains are always welcome. Rains give us many advantages. For example: (1) Rains bring relief by cooling the environment after hot summer days. (ii) The sowing of many crops depends on the arrival of rains during monsoon. (iii) Rains provide water in the rivers and dams of hydroelectric power plants. (fo) Rains fill the lakes and ponds which act as sources of water. Rains are also responsible for the groundwater which gets stored under the surface of earth. When it rains heavily for a long time, we get excess rainfall resulting in too much water all around. The excessive rainfall due to heavy rains leads to many problem...

 Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide is a colourless and odourless gas. It has a slightly sour taste. Carbon dioxide is moderately soluble in water. Carbon dioxide gas neither burns nor supports burning. Carbon dioxide extinguishes a burning fire. Plants and animals consume oxygen from air for respiration and produce carbon dioxide. Plant and animal matter burns by consuming oxygen from air and produces mainly carbon dioxide and a few other gases. If some material is burning in a closed room, we feel suffocated. This is due to the accumulation of excess of carbon dioxide (and some carbon monoxide) in the air of the room which is produced by the burning material. Air contains only about 0.03 per cent of carbon dioxide gas. Though the amount of carbon dioxide in air is comparatively small but it is a very important component of air. The carbon dioxide gas present in air is important to green plants. Green plants need carbon dioxide gas to make food. In sunlight, green plants use carbon di...

 Waste materials (or rubbish) especially household wastes, are called garbage. It is called 'kole in W Hi Every household produces a lot of garbage (or wastes) daily which is collected in dustbins ps offices and schools also produce garbage or rubbish everyday What does the garbage (or rubbish) This will become clear from the following discussion. We peel off many fruits and vegetables before eating or cooking them. Sometimes cooked food also cunased in our homes and it is called left over food. The leaves of potted plants also keep on falling day in our homes. The peels of fruits and vegetables, left-over cooked food and fallen leaves of ted plants are thrown away as garbage. Every household buys a large number of packaged products such as door (atta), rice, pulses, biscuits, chocolates, milk and oil, etc, which are packed in plastic bags. ardboard cartons, paper wrappers, plastic containers, tirs and many other kinds of packing materials All the packing materials are useless and...

  A large area of land covered mainly with trees and plants is called alaust And a large area of grass covered land used for grazing is called grassland There are few trees or places for animals to hide gland habitats. Due to this speal is important for the animals which live in grassland habitats (so they can nits away from their enemies) For most common purposes, however, the wrous forest and and are used in the same sense. The forest (or grassland) is a habitat Many animals such as lon som elephants deer, en live in forest habitats. There are many features of a lion, a deck, other animals and plant which help them to survive in the forest habitat. The adaptations in lion and deer to the forest habitat are described below. Adaptation of lion The lion is a camivorous animal which eats only the meat (or flesh) of oder animals. The lion lives in a forest habitat The adapted to the forest habitat in the following ways: 1.The lion is a strong, fast and agile animal which can hunt and ...