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 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES Generally, a language is considered as the medium of communication among people. Likewise, to communicate with computer systems, we use computer programming languages. Usually, we provide a particular set of instructions to the computer to perform a specific task. The set of instructions given to a computer is known as a Program languages. For example, BASIC, C, C++, Java. Such programs are written in languages close to the human languages and are called high level COBOL, Fortran, etc. Each language has its own set of keywords and special syntax for writing the program. But computer cannot understand such languages. Computer understands only binary language that consists of binary numbers that is 0 and 1. So high level programs are converted into low level language program or machine language program using translators. In this chapter, let us study different generations of computer languages. First Generation language-Machine Language Machine Language

VARIOUS FILE FORMATS Some of the frequently used file formats are: JPEG It stands for Joint Photographic Experts Group. It is the most widely used file format for pictures. Almost all the digital cameras store photos in this file format as it supports 224 or 16, 777.216 colours. MP3 MP3 is MPEG-1 Audio Layer-3. MPEG is Moving Picture Experts Group It is the most common audio format. Also, most of the digital audio players use this format as the standard format for transfer and playback music Owing to their small file sizes, MP3 files can be easily transferred over the Internet. MP4 MPEG-4 Part 14 or MP4 is a digital multimedia container format. It is most commonly used to store video and audio. A file with the MP4 file extension is an abbreviation for an MPEG-4 Video file. This is a compressed file format MP4 This file format is used for various document and document template file types It is a Microsoft Word Open XML Format Document file. XLSX XLS or xls refers to the Microsoft Exce